The pellet mill roller is a fundamental component in the pelletization process, acting as the powerhouse that compresses raw materials into high-quality pellets. Understanding its role and the factors influencing its performance is crucial for operators and manufacturers in the feed and biomass industries. By focusing on roller design, material properties, and operational parameters, producers can optimize their pellet mills for better efficiency and product quality. As demand for renewable energy sources and animal feed continues to rise, the importance of effective pelletization processes, led by efficient roller operation, will only become more critical in meeting global needs.